SS-31, or elamipretide, is a mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide. It is designed to accumulate around the inner mitochondrial membrane and interact with cardiolipin – a lipid that helps the cell’s energy machinery stay organised.
Epithalon – usually the synthetic tetrapeptide Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly – has become famous in longevity circles because of research involving telomerase, telomeres and ageing-related biology.
MOTS-c is unusual because it is a mitochondrial-derived peptide – essentially a message linked to the little energy-producing structures inside our cells.
NAD+ is not actually a peptide. It is a coenzyme that cells use constantly in energy metabolism and redox reactions, and it also feeds enzymes involved in DNA repair and cellular signalling.
First, the important bit: SLU-PP-332 is not a peptide. It is a small experimental molecule that activates estrogen-related receptors – ERRs – involved in cellular energy metabolism.
